Telemetry Schema

This is the authoritative wire contract between the Lowkey installer (install.sh, with the telemetry client inlined) and any telemetry backend that ingests its events. It is versioned, stable, and backwards-compatible within a major version.

Telemetry is opt-out by default via LOWKEY_TELEMETRY=0 or DO_NOT_TRACK=1. Test installs (--test mode) are flagged with is_test: true so backends can exclude them from product metrics. See Telemetry Privacy for a plain-English version.

Transport

Aspect	Value
Endpoint (default)	`https://telemetry.loki.run` (override: `LOWKEY_TELEMETRY_URL`)
Protocol	HTTPS POST, `Content-Type: application/json`
Timeout	`--connect-timeout 2s --max-time 2s`
Delivery	Fire-and-forget background `curl`, detached from parent shell
Retry	None — all sends are best-effort
Auth	None required. Backend may add IP rate-limiting or a CF front door.
Max body	256 KB
Max events per ingest batch	500

Envelopes

The installer sends two envelope types on three paths:

Path	Method	Envelope `schema`	When
`/v1/install`	POST	`lowkey.install.v1`	At install start (`outcome: started`), on completion (`completed`), on failure (`failed`)
`/v1/ingest`	POST	`lowkey.telemetry.v1`	Batched at install end — contains all queued fine-grained events
`/v1/config`	GET	(response only)	Installer fetches remote kill-switch + sampling config

`lowkey.install.v1` — Install Beacon

Sent to POST /v1/install. One envelope per outcome transition (started, completed, failed). This is the primary record for install funnel analytics.

Example

{
  "schema": "lowkey.install.v1",
  "sent_at": "2026-04-27T12:30:14Z",
  "install_id": "09ff13c6-0d4e-4e18-9d93-011e0afd9a6e",
  "machine_id": "sha256:83d4cc5a36917da57120c27553c78ea83607b9b32ca23af148fc90cdca132a1f",
  "agent": {
    "version": "0.5.103",
    "channel": "stable",
    "os": "linux",
    "arch": "arm64",
    "os_version": "6.1"
  },
  "install_method": "cfn",
  "outcome": "completed",
  "duration_ms": 412380,
  "is_test": false,
  "failure_step": null,
  "failure_class": null
}

Fields

Field	Type	Required	Description
`schema`	string (const)	yes	Always `lowkey.install.v1`.
`sent_at`	string (ISO-8601 UTC)	yes	Wall-clock time on client, e.g. `2026-04-27T12:30:14Z`.
`install_id`	string (UUIDv4)	yes	Unique per install run. Regenerated on every `curl	bash` invocation.
`machine_id`	string	yes	`sha256:<hex>` of machine fingerprint, or `fallback:<uuid>` if hashing unavailable. Never the raw fingerprint.
`agent.version`	string	yes	Installer version (e.g. `0.5.103`). `unknown` if unset.
`agent.channel`	string	yes	Release channel. Currently always `stable`. Reserved: `beta`, `nightly`.
`agent.os`	string enum	yes	`linux`, `darwin`, `unknown`. Lower-cased `uname -s`.
`agent.arch`	string enum	yes	`arm64`, `x86_64`, `unknown`.
`agent.os_version`	string	yes	Kernel major.minor, e.g. `6.1` or `23.6`.
`install_method`	string enum	yes	`cfn`, `terraform`, `tf`, `console`, `unknown`.
`outcome`	string enum	yes	`started` \| `completed` \| `failed`.
`duration_ms`	integer	yes	ms since install start. `0` on `started`.
`is_test`	boolean	yes	`true` when installer ran with `--test` / `TEST_MODE=true`. Backends MUST exclude these from funnels.
`failure_step`	string \| null	conditional	`null` unless `outcome: failed`. Short step identifier, e.g. `aws_cli_check`, `cfn_deploy`, `bootstrap_timeout`. Max 64 chars.
`failure_class`	string \| null	conditional	`null` unless `outcome: failed`. Machine-friendly class, e.g. `exit_1`, `exit_130`. Max 64 chars.

Outcome lifecycle

install starts
   ↓  POST /v1/install  { outcome: "started",   duration_ms: 0 }
   ↓  ...user picks pack/method, downloads CFN, etc...
   ↓  fine-grained events recorded to local queue
   ↓
  ├─ success path ─→  POST /v1/install  { outcome: "completed", duration_ms: N }
  │                   POST /v1/ingest   { events: [...all queued...] }
  │
  └─ failure path ─→  POST /v1/install  { outcome: "failed",
                                          duration_ms: N,
                                          failure_step: "cfn_deploy",
                                          failure_class: "exit_1" }
                      POST /v1/ingest   { events: [...all queued...] }

`lowkey.telemetry.v1` — Event Batch

Sent to POST /v1/ingest. Exactly once per install run, at the end. Contains all fine-grained events that were queued locally during the run.

Example

{
  "schema": "lowkey.telemetry.v1",
  "sent_at": "2026-04-27T12:30:15Z",
  "agent": {
    "version": "0.5.103",
    "channel": "stable",
    "os": "linux",
    "arch": "arm64",
    "os_version": "6.1"
  },
  "machine_id": "sha256:83d4cc5a...",
  "install_id": "09ff13c6-0d4e-4e18-9d93-011e0afd9a6e",
  "session_id": "5e172374-29a2-442e-8f47-f15b0b8148ef",
  "is_test": false,
  "events": [
    { "t": "2026-04-27T12:23:35Z", "name": "install.started",         "props": { "method": "cfn" } },
    { "t": "2026-04-27T12:23:42Z", "name": "install.pack_selected",   "props": { "pack": "openclaw", "profile": "builder" } },
    { "t": "2026-04-27T12:23:58Z", "name": "install.method_selected", "props": { "method": "cfn", "region": "us-east-1" } },
    { "t": "2026-04-27T12:24:10Z", "name": "install.deploy_started",  "props": { "method": "cfn", "region": "us-east-1", "pack": "openclaw" } },
    { "t": "2026-04-27T12:29:50Z", "name": "install.deploy_completed","props": { "duration_ms": 340000, "method": "cfn" } },
    { "t": "2026-04-27T12:30:11Z", "name": "install.bootstrap_completed","props":{ "instance_id": "i-0abc..." } },
    { "t": "2026-04-27T12:30:14Z", "name": "install.completed",       "props": { "duration_ms": 412380, "pack": "openclaw", "method": "cfn", "region": "us-east-1" } }
  ]
}

Envelope fields

Field	Type	Required	Description
`schema`	string (const)	yes	Always `lowkey.telemetry.v1`.
`sent_at`	string (ISO-8601 UTC)	yes	Time the flush happened.
`agent.*`	object	yes	Same shape as `lowkey.install.v1.agent`.
`machine_id`	string	yes	Same value as in install beacon for this run.
`install_id`	string (UUIDv4)	yes	Same value as in install beacon for this run.
`session_id`	string (UUIDv4)	yes	Regenerated every time `install.sh` is sourced — always equal to `install_id` today, reserved for future sub-sessions.
`is_test`	boolean	yes	Inherited from install run.
`events`	array of Event	yes	1–500 entries.

`Event` shape

Field	Type	Required	Description
`t`	string (ISO-8601 UTC)	yes	Client-side timestamp of the event.
`name`	string enum	yes	Event name — see allowed events. Max 64 chars.
`props`	object	yes	Flat object, primitive values only. Max 20 keys. Keys ≤40 chars, values ≤500 chars. Nested objects get JSON-stringified by the backend.

Allowed event names

Backends MUST reject events whose name is not on this allowlist. This prevents runaway cardinality and keeps cost/dashboards predictable.

Install funnel (emitted by `install.sh`)

Name	Props	Meaning
`install.started`	`{method}`	User launched installer.
`install.pack_selected`	`{pack, profile}`	User picked an agent pack.
`install.method_selected`	`{method, region}`	User picked deploy method (cfn/terraform/console) + region.
`install.deploy_started`	`{method, region, pack}`	CFN/TF apply kicked off.
`install.deploy_completed`	`{duration_ms, method}`	Stack reached `CREATE_COMPLETE` or equivalent.
`install.bootstrap_completed`	`{instance_id}`	EC2 instance finished userdata bootstrap.
`install.completed`	`{duration_ms, pack, method, region}`	Full install success.
`install.failed`	`{duration_ms, exit_code, step, pack, method}`	Installer exited non-zero.

Runtime (reserved — not yet emitted by installer)

The following names are pre-registered so the agent runtime and extensions can emit them without a schema bump: first_run, session.started, session.ended, heartbeat.daily, command.used, feature.used, model.invoked, error.reported, crash.reported, update.available, update.applied, update.skipped, auth.started, auth.completed, auth.failed, onboarding.completed. Event names are closed (allowlist). Event props are open — backends should tolerate unknown keys and drop values that exceed length caps.

`/v1/config` — Remote Kill-Switch

GET https://telemetry.loki.run/v1/config returns a JSON config that the installer may consult to throttle or disable itself. Missing/unreachable config is treated as “defaults”.

Response

{
  "enabled": true,
  "sample_rate": 1.0,
  "flush_interval_sec": 600,
  "dropped_events": [],
  "latest_version": "",
  "ttl_sec": 300
}

Field	Type	Default	Description
`enabled`	boolean	`true`	Master kill-switch. If `false`, installer MUST skip all sends.
`sample_rate`	number	`1.0`	0.0–1.0. Clients hash `machine_id` and only send if hash mod 10000 < `sample_rate * 10000`.
`flush_interval_sec`	integer	`600`	Reserved for long-running agents. Installer flushes at exit only.
`dropped_events`	array<string>	`[]`	Event names to drop client-side before queuing.
`latest_version`	string	`""`	Optional — latest known installer version. Clients may log a “you are out of date” hint.
`ttl_sec`	integer	`300`	How long clients may cache this config.

Response headers: Cache-Control: public, max-age=60.

Data-retention & privacy contract

Backends implementing this schema MUST:

Rule	Rationale
Drop IP addresses before persisting.	We only care about country (from `CloudFront-Viewer-Country`).
Never re-hash or de-anonymize `machine_id`.	Already `sha256:<hex>`.
TTL raw events ≤ 90 days.	High-volume, low-business-value.
TTL install beacons ≤ 365 days.	Funnel metrics are still useful long-term.
Exclude `is_test: true` from all product dashboards.	Dev/CI noise.
Reject `Content-Length > 256 KB`.	Abuse / accidental logs.
Reject batches with > 500 events.	Backpressure.
Return `204 No Content` on success.	Minimize wire overhead.
Never return body/stack traces on error.	Don’t leak backend details to curl pipes.
Provide `/v1/health` returning `200`.	Ops monitoring.

Reference backend (DynamoDB)

A minimal compliant backend needs: Table lowkey-install-events (beacon persistence)

Partition key: id (string, UUIDv4 assigned by backend)
Sort key: timestamp (string, ISO-8601)
Attributes: all fields from lowkey.install.v1 + country, source: "v1_install"
TTL attribute: ttl (epoch seconds, +365d)

Table lowkey-telemetry-events (per-event persistence)

Partition key: id (string, UUIDv4)
Sort key: timestamp (string, ISO-8601)
GSI by-name on (name, timestamp) — for per-event-name dashboards
GSI by-machine on (machine_id, timestamp) — for per-machine queries
TTL attribute: ttl (epoch seconds, +90d)

Backward-compatibility rules

schema version is in the envelope; any breaking change bumps the suffix (v1 → v2).
Within v1, backends MAY add new optional fields; clients MUST ignore unknown fields.
Adding a new event name requires updating the allowlist in both the installer and backend.
Removing a field within v1 is forbidden.
Renaming a field is forbidden (emit both for one major version).

Versioning

Schema version	Introduced	Status
`lowkey.install.v1`	`lowkey@0.5.103`	Current
`lowkey.telemetry.v1`	`lowkey@0.5.103`	Current

Source: install.sh (search for _telem_ — client emitter)
Source: install.sh (call sites)
Telemetry Privacy — what’s sent and how to opt out
Environment variables — LOWKEY_TELEMETRY, LOWKEY_TELEMETRY_URL, DO_NOT_TRACK

CLI

Deploy

Security

Telemetry

Telemetry Schema

Telemetry Schema

Transport

Envelopes

`lowkey.install.v1` — Install Beacon

Example

Fields

Outcome lifecycle

`lowkey.telemetry.v1` — Event Batch

Example

Envelope fields

`Event` shape

Allowed event names

Install funnel (emitted by `install.sh`)

Runtime (reserved — not yet emitted by installer)

`/v1/config` — Remote Kill-Switch

Response

Data-retention & privacy contract

Reference backend (DynamoDB)

Backward-compatibility rules

Versioning

​Telemetry Schema

​Transport

​Envelopes

​lowkey.install.v1 — Install Beacon

​Example

​Fields

​Outcome lifecycle

​lowkey.telemetry.v1 — Event Batch

​Example

​Envelope fields

​Event shape

​Allowed event names

​Install funnel (emitted by install.sh)

​Runtime (reserved — not yet emitted by installer)

​/v1/config — Remote Kill-Switch

​Response

​Data-retention & privacy contract

​Reference backend (DynamoDB)

​Backward-compatibility rules

​Versioning

​Related

Telemetry Schema

Transport

Envelopes

`lowkey.install.v1` — Install Beacon

Example

Fields

Outcome lifecycle

`lowkey.telemetry.v1` — Event Batch

Example

Envelope fields

`Event` shape

Allowed event names

Install funnel (emitted by `install.sh`)

Runtime (reserved — not yet emitted by installer)

`/v1/config` — Remote Kill-Switch

Response

Data-retention & privacy contract

Reference backend (DynamoDB)

Backward-compatibility rules

Versioning

Related